Signals of Systemic Immunity in Plants: Progress and Open Questions.
Identifieur interne : 000670 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000669; suivant : 000671Signals of Systemic Immunity in Plants: Progress and Open Questions.
Auteurs : Attila L. Ádám [Hongrie] ; Zoltán Nagy [République tchèque] ; György Kátay [Hongrie] ; Emese Mergenthaler [Hongrie] ; Orsolya Viczián [Hongrie]Source :
- International journal of molecular sciences [ 1422-0067 ] ; 2018.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- effets des radiations : Immunité des plantes.
- génétique : Arabidopsis, Immunité des plantes.
- microbiologie : Arabidopsis.
- virologie : Arabidopsis.
- Lumière, Transduction du signal.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- genetics : Arabidopsis, Plant Immunity.
- microbiology : Arabidopsis.
- radiation effects : Plant Immunity.
- virology : Arabidopsis.
- Light, Signal Transduction.
Abstract
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a defence mechanism that induces protection against a wide range of pathogens in distant, pathogen-free parts of plants after a primary inoculation. Multiple mobile compounds were identified as putative SAR signals or important factors for influencing movement of SAR signalling elements in Arabidopsis and tobacco. These include compounds with very different chemical structures like lipid transfer protein DIR1 (DEFECTIVE IN INDUCED RESISTANCE1), methyl salicylate (MeSA), dehydroabietinal (DA), azelaic acid (AzA), glycerol-3-phosphate dependent factor (G3P) and the lysine catabolite pipecolic acid (Pip). Genetic studies with different SAR-deficient mutants and silenced lines support the idea that some of these compounds (MeSA, DIR1 and G3P) are activated only when SAR is induced in darkness. In addition, although AzA doubled in phloem exudate of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infected tobacco leaves, external AzA treatment could not induce resistance neither to viral nor bacterial pathogens, independent of light conditions. Besides light intensity and timing of light exposition after primary inoculation, spectral distribution of light could also influence the SAR induction capacity. Recent data indicated that TMV and CMV (cucumber mosaic virus) infection in tobacco, like bacteria in Arabidopsis, caused massive accumulation of Pip. Treatment of tobacco leaves with Pip in the light, caused a drastic and significant local and systemic decrease in lesion size of TMV infection. Moreover, two very recent papers, added in proof, demonstrated the role of FMO1 (FLAVIN-DEPENDENT-MONOOXYGENASE1) in conversion of Pip to N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP). NHP systemically accumulates after microbial attack and acts as a potent inducer of plant immunity to bacterial and oomycete pathogens in Arabidopsis. These results argue for the pivotal role of Pip and NHP as an important signal compound of SAR response in different plants against different pathogens.
DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041146
PubMed: 29642641
PubMed Central: PMC5979450
Affiliations:
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xml:lang="en"><term>Light</term><term>Signal Transduction</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Lumière</term><term>Transduction du signal</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a defence mechanism that induces protection against a wide range of pathogens in distant, pathogen-free parts of plants after a primary inoculation. Multiple mobile compounds were identified as putative SAR signals or important factors for influencing movement of SAR signalling elements in <i>Arabidopsis</i> and tobacco. These include compounds with very different chemical structures like lipid transfer protein DIR1 (DEFECTIVE IN INDUCED RESISTANCE1), methyl salicylate (MeSA), dehydroabietinal (DA), azelaic acid (AzA), glycerol-3-phosphate dependent factor (G3P) and the lysine catabolite pipecolic acid (Pip). Genetic studies with different SAR-deficient mutants and silenced lines support the idea that some of these compounds (MeSA, DIR1 and G3P) are activated only when SAR is induced in darkness. In addition, although AzA doubled in phloem exudate of <i>tobacco mosaic virus</i> (TMV) infected tobacco leaves, external AzA treatment could not induce resistance neither to viral nor bacterial pathogens, independent of light conditions. Besides light intensity and timing of light exposition after primary inoculation, spectral distribution of light could also influence the SAR induction capacity. Recent data indicated that TMV and CMV (<i>cucumber mosaic virus</i>) infection in tobacco, like bacteria in <i>Arabidopsis,</i> caused massive accumulation of Pip. Treatment of tobacco leaves with Pip in the light, caused a drastic and significant local and systemic decrease in lesion size of TMV infection. Moreover, two very recent papers, added in proof, demonstrated the role of FMO1 (FLAVIN-DEPENDENT-MONOOXYGENASE1) in conversion of Pip to <i>N</i>-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP). NHP systemically accumulates after microbial attack and acts as a potent inducer of plant immunity to bacterial and oomycete pathogens in <i>Arabidopsis</i>. These results argue for the pivotal role of Pip and NHP as an important signal compound of SAR response in different plants against different pathogens.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">29642641</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2018</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>05</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>14</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1422-0067</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>19</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2018</Year><Month>Apr</Month><Day>10</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>International journal of molecular sciences</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Int J Mol Sci</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Signals of Systemic Immunity in Plants: Progress and Open Questions.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">E1146</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3390/ijms19041146</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a defence mechanism that induces protection against a wide range of pathogens in distant, pathogen-free parts of plants after a primary inoculation. Multiple mobile compounds were identified as putative SAR signals or important factors for influencing movement of SAR signalling elements in <i>Arabidopsis</i> and tobacco. These include compounds with very different chemical structures like lipid transfer protein DIR1 (DEFECTIVE IN INDUCED RESISTANCE1), methyl salicylate (MeSA), dehydroabietinal (DA), azelaic acid (AzA), glycerol-3-phosphate dependent factor (G3P) and the lysine catabolite pipecolic acid (Pip). Genetic studies with different SAR-deficient mutants and silenced lines support the idea that some of these compounds (MeSA, DIR1 and G3P) are activated only when SAR is induced in darkness. In addition, although AzA doubled in phloem exudate of <i>tobacco mosaic virus</i> (TMV) infected tobacco leaves, external AzA treatment could not induce resistance neither to viral nor bacterial pathogens, independent of light conditions. Besides light intensity and timing of light exposition after primary inoculation, spectral distribution of light could also influence the SAR induction capacity. Recent data indicated that TMV and CMV (<i>cucumber mosaic virus</i>) infection in tobacco, like bacteria in <i>Arabidopsis,</i> caused massive accumulation of Pip. Treatment of tobacco leaves with Pip in the light, caused a drastic and significant local and systemic decrease in lesion size of TMV infection. Moreover, two very recent papers, added in proof, demonstrated the role of FMO1 (FLAVIN-DEPENDENT-MONOOXYGENASE1) in conversion of Pip to <i>N</i>-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP). NHP systemically accumulates after microbial attack and acts as a potent inducer of plant immunity to bacterial and oomycete pathogens in <i>Arabidopsis</i>. These results argue for the pivotal role of Pip and NHP as an important signal compound of SAR response in different plants against different pathogens.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ádám</LastName><ForeName>Attila L</ForeName><Initials>AL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 15 Herman Ottó út, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary. adam.attila@agrar.mta.hu.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nagy</LastName><ForeName>Zoltán Á</ForeName><Initials>ZÁ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Phytophthora Research Centre, Department of Forest Protection and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic. zoltan.nagy@mendelu.cz.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kátay</LastName><ForeName>György</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 15 Herman Ottó út, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary. katay.gyorgy@agrar.mta.hu.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mergenthaler</LastName><ForeName>Emese</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 15 Herman Ottó út, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary. mergenthaler.emese@agrar.mta.hu.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Viczián</LastName><ForeName>Orsolya</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 15 Herman Ottó út, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary. viczian.orsolya@agrar.mta.hu.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2018</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>10</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Int J Mol Sci</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101092791</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1422-0067</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017360" MajorTopicYN="N">Arabidopsis</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008027" MajorTopicYN="N">Light</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D057865" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Immunity</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000528" MajorTopicYN="N">radiation effects</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015398" MajorTopicYN="Y">Signal Transduction</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Arabidopsis</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">N-hydroxypipecolic acid</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">SAR signalling</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">azelaic acid</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">glycerol-3-phosphate</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">light dependent signalling</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">methyl salicylate</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">pipecolic acid</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">salicylic acid</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">spectral distribution of light</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">tobacco</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>The authors declare no conflict of interest. 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